Hybrid Threats, Cognitive Warfare & Information Operations

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When Protest Loses Visibility: Iran’s Use of Uncertainty as an Internal Security Tool

Key Points: Iran’s response to recent unrest is distinctive less for the scale of repression than for how uncertainty has been used to shape the protest environment. Internet shutdowns, selective repression, and inconsistent official narratives operate together, shaping coordination, risk perception, and external assessment rather than functioning as isolated...
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China’s Semiconductor “Manhattan Project”: Breaking the EUV Monopoly

Key Points: • Monopoly Disrupted: China tested a prototype EUV machine, challenging ASML’s long-standing global monopoly.• Scale: A secret, state-funded...

Europe’s Defence Market Transformation: From Complacency to Strategic Rearmament

Key Points: • Structural Rearmament: EU defense spending increased 57% (€218B → €343B, 2021-2024), fastest growth since Cold War's end• Stock...

CrowdStrike IT Outage: Key Lessons for Cyber Resilience

The recent global IT outage experienced by CrowdStrike, a leading cybersecurity company, has raised significant concerns about cyber resilience...

Can NATO’s Intelligence and Surveillance Enhancements Turn the Tide in Ukraine?

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has been a key player, especially in European security, since its founding in...

The Ugly Face of Hybrid Warfare in the Cyber World: Fancy Bear (APT28)

The wife of an American colonel, who had served for years in Afghanistan and Iraq, was shocked by a...

How can AI and Autonomous Systems/Vehicles be Utilized to Detect Potential Hostilities, Prevent Conflict, and Keep Peace?

Introduction: In an increasingly complex and interconnected world, the prevention of conflicts and the preservation of peace have become vital...

“U.S. Cyber Command: Cyber Threats From State Actors”

The U.S. military, the nation and its allies and partners will continue to see increasing threats in the cyber...

Artificial Intelligence: The New Architect of Peace, or the New Igniter of War?

We live in an age that constantly pushes the limits of knowledge and technology. The digital revolution, which began...

Cyber and Hybrid Frontlines: Safeguarding NATO’s Future Against 21st Century Threats

As NATO commemorates its 75th anniversary, the alliance finds itself navigating an increasingly complex and dynamic security landscape. While...
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