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Defence Innovation as Protection

Key Points: NATO’s central defense innovation challenge is conversion, not invention. Emerging and disruptive technology (EDT) adoption should be driven by operational demand, not technology fashion. Technology Readiness Level is insufficient for coalition defense adoption. Startups, SMEs and non-traditional suppliers need navigable transition pathways. Trusted data, interoperability, security and sustainment must become...
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The Northern Front After Iran

Key Points: Israeli security discourse should be analysed, not accepted. Lebanon may be theatre shaping before Iran. Hezbollah is the output of...

The Third Player at the Table: Israel and the Two-Level Game in the US–Iran War

Key Points : Two-level game theory frames international negotiation as bargaining that happens simultaneously abroad and at home The US–Iran talks...

Submarine Cable Security: The Anatomy of Asymmetric Pressure in the Gulf Crisis

Key Points : Hormuz, Bab el-Mandeb and the Egypt-Suez corridor are dual energy-data chokepoints. In a crisis, repair access and attribution...

Germany’s Maritime Defense Test

Key Points : Germany’s defense credibility is likely to be tested through maritime resilience.  Germany’s ability to sustain allied movement could...

The overall concept of military defence: Military Strategy and Plan for the Armed Forces

Responsibility for Europe. This document is the publicly accessible part of the first Bundeswehr Military Strategy and the resulting Plan...

LNG Terminals as Europe’s Most Vulnerable Strategic Nodes

Key Points : Europe replaced one gas dependency with a new coastal one.  LNG terminals now act as strategic chokepoints in...

Solving the European Naval Dilemma with Modular Mass

Key points : • European navies are too small to win• Buying off-the-shelf unmanned vessels is a dead end  • EUROGUARD...

Before Storming Kharg Island, Washington Should Read the Gallipoli Campaign

Key Points: Gallipoli demonstrates the enduring risks of amphibious assaults against defended coastlines. Kharg Island is strategically valuable but operationally vulnerable. Iran's...

U.S.-China Nuclear Competition Beneath the South China Sea

Key Points : $3.4 trillion in annual trade depends on sustained South China Sea deterrence. China's Bastion doctrine extends nuclear deterrence...